The New Generation of Firefighting Nozzles
The New Generation of Firefighting Nozzles : When using fire nozzles connected to pipes, the reaction force caused by the exit of water from the nozzle is created, which is called force reaction. With the increase in the flow rate of today’s nozzles and of course the subsequent increase of this reaction force, the control of this force by firefighters will be very important in their work safe.
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In this section, one of the newest fire hydrants with unique technology is introduced.
Force Reaction, which is created during the firing of fire-fighting water, is one of the most important concerns of operational commanders, who have attributed many accidents to themselves every year. Between 2007 and 2011, on average, 13,795 accidents caused by the use of nozzles occurred in the United States, of which 3,565 accidents resulted in serious injuries.
This force can be represented by its two constituent components: the vertical reaction force that appears as tension on its base (the fireman’s hand) and another direct reaction force or Force Reaction that is in the direction of the fire pipe. The address is distributed The movement of the nozzle goes up vertically and if the torque caused by this force overcomes the strength of the fireman’s hand, the nozzle will come out of the fireman’s hand. Also, if this force is greater than the firefighter’s weight, (which happens at high pressures), it will cause the firefighter to separate from the ground or be thrown, which will result in irreparable accidents and damage to the fire. There will be signs in the coming time If it is released, the interaction of this force and the torque obtained from it, with the bending resistance of the fire hose, will cause the hose to twist and stop, without stopping the flow, it will turn into a dangerous operation and an accident. This force in various firefighting operations. It has been the cause of many accidents and is always considered as a serious threat for firefighters.
In the new generation of nozzles, by using the science of fluid mechanics and Bernoulli’s law and designing parts called cartridges, this vertical reaction force has been removed. According to Bernoulli’s law, by reducing the speed on one side of the cartridge, the pressure of the fluid decreases, and this change in pressure is compared to the flow of the fluid with a lower speed on the other side of the cartridge, which is the wing pressure. There is a vertical force in the direction of the vertical reaction force.
This force is shown as Force Lift in the picture. By using these nozzles, a new method has been invented in firefighting operations, which is known as the FiNo method. In this method, when there is a fire in a closed environment where the amount of smoke caused by combustion is high and the temperature inside this environment has also increased (such as a fire in the rooms of a building), instead of the firefighter entering with a nozzle. This environment, from One to two meters behind the nozzle, he holds the fire hose in his hand and directs the nozzle towards this environment. Due to the fact that in these nozzles, the force of vertical reaction is neutralized, the nozzle does not move upwards and without losing balance, it performs fire extinguishing operations.
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This force is shown in the picture as Life Force. By using these nozzles, a new method has been invented in firefighting operations, which is known as the FiNo Method. In this method, when there is a fire in a closed environment where the amount of smoke caused by combustion is high and the temperature inside this environment is high (such as a fire in the rooms of a building), instead of a firefighter entering this environment with a nozzle be, from one to two meters behind the nozzle, hold the fire hose and direct the nozzle towards this environment. Due to the fact that in these nozzles, the vertical reaction force is neutralized, the nozzle does not move upwards and without losing balance, it engages in fire extinguishing operations.
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The important point is that if there is a change in the input pressure, it increases in proportion to the neutralizing force. In better words, increasing the effective pressure in.
The nozzle will not function, nor will rotating the nozzle have an effect on the nozzle’s function, and during the operation, the firefighter can rotate and change the angle of the nozzle according to the need of the action. In this way, by using the laws of fluid science, the problem of using nozzles and the dangers caused by them has been solved.
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This invention, which was registered by Dr. Hong Kim, a professor at Seoul University’s Faculty of Engineering, in South Korea, is currently being exclusively produced by FiNo in South Korea.
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